The Effect Of Metoprolol On The World Health Organization...

METOPROLOL Introduction Metoprolol is a selective ÃŽ ²1 receptor blocker.1 It is used to treat high blood pressure or hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure and angina pectoris.2 Metoprolol was first made in 1969 and is on the World Health Organization’s list of essential medicines.3 Metoprolol is available only in its salt form due to its low melting point, such as metoprolol tartrate or metoprolol succinate. Its salt form, metoprolol tartrate was first developed by Novartis and was approved by FDA on August 7, 1978.4 Metoprolol is also available as a generic drug.1 Drug Profile Figure 1. Chemical Structure of Metoprolol IUPAC Name : 1-(isopropylamino)-3-[4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy] propan-2-ol Chemical Formula : C15H25NO3 Molecular Weight : 267.364 g/mol Trade names : Lopressor, Metolar XR, Toprol XL (US) Nature : Free base exists as a white solid, while its tartrate form exists a fine crystalline material.5 Physical properties* : Solubility – Very soluble (water), Freely soluble (methylene chloride, chloroform, alcohol), Slightly soluble (acetone) and Insoluble (ether).6 Melting point - 120 °C or 248 °F.5 *Properties are given, considering the salt form, metoprolol tartrate. Pregnancy category : C (US). Indicates that it’s a risk when used during pregnancy. Route of administration : Oral and Intravenous (IV) Pharmacokinetic data : Bioavailability – 50%7 Protein binding – 12% Metabolism – Liver via CYP2D6, CYP3A4 Half-Life – 3-7 hoursShow MoreRelatedSelf Medication Practices in a Rural Filipino Community21296 Words   |  86 PagesUNIVERSITY OF SAINT LOUIS TUGUEGARAO TUGUEGARAO CITY, CAGAYAN College Of Health and Allied Sciences Master Of Science In Nursing Major In Adult Health Nursing In fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Master of Science in Nursing Major in Adult Health Nursing Factors Affecting The Prevalence Of Self Medication Using Commercial Drugs In A Rural Filipino Family For The Course Research II With Statistics Presented by: Elaiza Joy M. Claravall Hazel Faith W. Cortel Read MorePharmaceutical Price Controls in the Oecd Countries47662 Words   |  191 Pages22161; www.ntis.gov. ii U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration Contents Executive Summary vii 1 Introduction 1 2 Drug Price Regulations in Selected OECD Countries—An Overview of the Issues 3 3 Price And Revenue Effects 10 4 Impact of Deregulating Prices on Research and Development, Innovation, and Consumers 25 Appendix A: Technical Methodology 35 Appendix B: Drug Pricing Study—Federal Register Notice Responses 49 Appendix C: Report on Pharmaceutical Markets in 11Read MoreThe Marketing Research of Brainquiry33782 Words   |  136 Pagestools and how much they would budget for that. The German research gives an overview of a sample of contact details of doctors divided into users and non users of neuro/biofeedback. This information is to be found on the CD in the folder Germany. A list of contact details for golf clubs throughout Germany is given in the same excel file as mentioned before. If more contacts are needed they can be found by using the means stated in the sources part of the research. The excel file gives furthermoreRead MoreComprehensive 1 Essay18452 Words   |  74 Pagestransmitted by the bite of an infected deer tick, and antiviral agents (D) are ineffective. Symptoms, such as fever, chills, headache, stiff neck, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes are more typical, not nausea and vomiting (C).   Category:   Community Health Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points. 2. 2.ID: 310982379 The nurse is planning a wellness program aimed at primary prevention in the community. Which action should the nurse implement? A.   Immunizations that decrease occurrences of many contagious

Steam Engine - 4823 Words

The Steam Engine The wonderful progress of the present century is, in a very great degree, due to the invention and improvement of the steam engine, and to the ingenious application of its power to kinds of work that formerly taxed the physical energies of the human race.~Robert H. Thurston The steam engine can easily be considered the single most important invention of the entire industrial revolution. There is not one part of industry present in todays society that can be examined without coming across some type of reference or dependence upon the steam engine. But, who deserves the credit for this great invention? Some give the credit to James Watt while others claim that Thomas Newcomen was the original inventor.†¦show more content†¦It is believed that the first attempt to actually make steam use practical occurred in 1543 upon a naval ship. Blasco de Garay, a Spanish naval officer, attempted to move the paddle wheels of the ship with what could possibly be considered a steam engine. This account however is not well credited because nothing is really known about the make-up of the so called steam engine except that it contained a vessel of boiling water. In 1601, Giovanni Battista della Porta described a machine that could be used to raise a column of water with the use of steam. He described this machine in a work entitled Spiritali. Portas work included a vacuum created by the condensation of steam into which water would flow. Portas apparatus, was called the Pneumatica. Portas machine was described as being able to raise water with steam pressure. Although Portas machine was never applied to any practical uses, he accurately described the necessary presence of a vacuum created by steam to raise the water. Another man that is mistakenly given a lot of credit for the invention of the steam engine is Edward Somerset, Marquis of Worcester. The Marquis has been hailed as the originator of the machine that was used to raise water by the force of fire. However, the Marquis never actually built such a machine. The only machineShow MoreRelatedSteam Engines : The Steam Engine1854 Words   |  8 PagesHenderson said, â€Å"Science owes more to the steam engine than the steam engine owes to Science.† (Physicalworld) Th is statement made by a well-educated scientist shows how vital steam engines were to the people of the United States during the 18th, 19th, and even 20th century. Not only did these machines allow scientific breakthrough they also helped settle a nation that would soon be born into an industrial revolution fueled by the steam engine. Without these steam engines exploration of the American frontierRead MoreThe Steam Engine839 Words   |  4 Pagestime, the steam engine. This machine served as the main driver of the Industrial Revolution. I hereby speak in favor of the notion that this invention, the steam engine, is the most important creation in the history of man. Natural power had been harnessed since the dawn of time to perform extraneous duties. Examples of these are the natural elements, human, and animal power. As proven, these factors are known to be unreliable. Over time, the need for an instrument, such as the steam engine, to performRead MoreThe Steam Engine Of The First Steam Powered Engine1470 Words   |  6 PagesA man by the name of James Watts introduced the first steam powered engine that would soon be used to power several forms of transportation. The steam engine had been around for a while, but wasn’t as advanced and wasn’t used on such a large scale such as powering transportation. Boats had been used for centuries for the main forms of transport, however, when Robert Fulton put the new steam engine to work to power a steamboat, it meant even more capital for businessmen. More jobs were created asRead MoreSteam Engines Of The Industrial Revolution1442 Words   |  6 Pagesduring this era, themselves, were po wered by steam engines. But where did the steam engine come from? Who invented this revolutionary invention? How does the steam engine chug-chug at 50+ miles per hour by merely using hot air, emitted by boiling water. The answer to these questions: the steam engine was not invented nor developed solely by one person, but by contributions of a multitude of people throughout this time in history. A modern, simple steam engine, gets its energy from water boiled by ablazingRead MoreSteam Engine1055 Words   |  5 PagesThe Steam Engine and the Civil War Question: How did the Steam Engine influence the Civil War and America in itself? Throughout the Civil War, there were many people and inventions that positively influenced The Civil War, but none other than the steam engine. The steam engine was one of the most influential inventions of the Civil War and America in itself. Before the Steam Engine trade was limited and the American economy was doing very poorly. The causes of this were the rules of trade andRead MoreThe Steam Engine ( Steam Power )943 Words   |  4 PagesThe Steam Engine The industrial revolution was a period in history that brought about numerous mechanical advances that allowed the use of much less manual labor. One of those mechanical advances was steam power. Steam power was not a new concept to the people of the world; in fact, steam power dates all the way back to Alexander the Great in the first century, where he designed a steam powered spinning sphere called an Aeolipile. (5 par 25) However, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries theyRead MoreInvention of the Steam Engine1634 Words   |  7 PagesINVENTION OF THE STEAM ENGINE Mankind’s interrelation with manufacturing systems has a long history. Nowadays we see manufacturing systems and their applications as systems in which goods are produced and delivered to the suitable places where we can obtain them. We are conscious of the fact that everything we consume or obtain is produced at some facilities. We are also aware of the fact that many components involve at these processes such as laborers, capital, and machines. Nevertheless, majorityRead MoreEffect of the Steam Engine on the Industrial Revolution1475 Words   |  6 PagesEffect of Steam Engine on Industrial Revolution The economy of England during the 18th century was one that needed rebuilding after many years of war with other countries. A breakthrough of new technology and ideas boosted the economy, creating a time known commonly as the Industrial Revolution. Specifically, there was one invention that defined the Industrial Revolution. The steam engine, a device powered by coal used to run machines at an efficient rate, was developed during the Industrial RevolutionRead MoreSteam Engines By Katelyn Warga 2nd Period947 Words   |  4 PagesSteam Engines By Katelyn Warga 2nd Period Being around for over 2000 years, the steam engine has proved its worth. Invented in the industrial revolution, â€Å"this heat engine performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.† Throughout its time the steam engine has had many uses, and been modified many times to change its pronounced task. This had led to the steam engine being a very important invention in the industrial revolution, changing life in social and economic ways that still impactRead More The Steam Engine and Electricity Powered the Industrial Revolution1704 Words   |  7 PagesThe Steam Engine and Electricity Powered the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution was an extremely important historical process in which the societies and cultures in the West, and then throughout the world, transformed under the influence of technological and scientific progress. The Western world, as industrialized as it is today, is the final result. Two major inventions, the steam engine and electricity, were both crucial parts of the technological progress that turned the wheels

Research On Using Laptops At University - 842 Words

Research on using laptops in university ABSTRACT Computers and laptops are most important in higher education. Now a day’s most of the universities are preferring laptops for using in classrooms. Laptops are very useful in many things like information gathering, data saving†¦etc. When compared to desktop it is easy to carry and we can perform the task quickly by using the laptop. INTRODUCTION Student attitudes toward learning Jones found that a majority of college students own computers and laptops. Students that used laptops preferred taking classes where they could use the computer. Student satisfaction is higher when report using the laptops for academic purposes. A number of studies have reported†¦show more content†¦Fried also found that students who used laptops in class spent considerable time multitasking and that the level of laptop use was negatively related to overall course performance. Methodological There are at least four issues with respect to methods used to evaluate the use of laptops in higher education. First, the predominant method of data collection is the case study. While this approach offers guidance and advice on best practices for using laptops, the reliability and validity of the data have yet to be confirmed for the general population. Second, some studies have employed quasi-experimental methods t o evaluate the impact of laptops on student achievement. These studies do not offer data on how laptops are actually used in higher education classrooms. Third, a number of studies involve students who were not provided equal access to technology. Motiwalla’s paper on using handheld devices in class is innovative, yet it is not truly indicative of the benefits and drawbacks of mobile learning because many of the students in the sample did not have devices equipped with the technology essential to participate in the study. Finally, the majority of studies offered no reliability or validity estimates for the measures used to assess laptop behavior while the data from these studies offers useful suggestions regarding laptop use. ANALYSIS Research on using laptops in universities Scale Number Possible Internal of

The Biological Factors Of Bipolar Disorder Essay - 1206 Words

Twin studies provide evidence that bipolar disorder is linked to genetic component. A research study published in the Epidemiology for Behavioral Neurosciences asserts that â€Å"twin studies demonstrated that there are strong genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder, which also influence white matter, which in turn is involved in brain connectivity† (Squarcina, Fagnani, Bellani, Altamura, Brambilla, 2016). From the above research, it is obvious that there is correlation between bipolar disorders and genetic factors. TREATMENT/ PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS Lithium carbonate Class: mood stabilizer. Mode of Action: Not fully understood. Alters cation transport in nerve and muscle. May also influence reuptake of neurotransmitters. Dosage: Precise dosing is based on serum lithium level. For Adults 12 years and tablets/capsules is 300-600mg 3 times initially. The extended release is 450-900mg twice daily or 300-600mg daily initially. Usually maintenance dose is 450mg daily or 300mg 3 times daily. Possible side effects/adverse effects for lithium include the following: Ataxia, fatigue, sedation, psychomotor retardation, restlessness, stupor, tinnitus, polyuria, tremors, muscles weakness, leukocytosis, dry mouth, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, renal toxicity, polyuria, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, diarrhea, aphasia, dehydration, and hyperglycemia. Targeted symptoms: Lithium is effective in reducing elation, flight of ideas, anxiety,Show MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Essay1545 Words   |  7 Pagescharacteristics of bipol ar I disorder with psychotic symptoms. Bipolar I disorder is a mood disorder where individuals have major depressive and full manic episodes, which may include psychotic features like hallucinations or delusions (Comer, 2014). People with bipolar I disorder display, during their manic state which typically lasts at least a week, exhibit irritable, angry or abnormally high moods (Comer, 2014). In the particular case of EM, his behaviors seem to correlate with bipolar I mood disorder withRead MoreBipolar Disorder1104 Words   |  5 PagesBipolar Disorder While the precise causes of bipolar disorder are not yet fully understood, we do know that It is primarily a biological illness. However, its onset is often linked to stressful life events. There are a number of factors that are believed to play a role in developing bipolar disorder Including genetics, brain chemicals, environmental factors and sometimes medical illnesses. Bipolar Disorder is a mental illness in which a person s mood alternates between extreme mania and depressionRead MoreBipolar and Unipolar Disorder Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pagesdealing with bipolar or unipolar disorder. Even though these two disorders are similar, there are marked differences, different causes, and different treatment. Bipolar and Unipolar Disorder Bipolar and unipolar are two different disorders that affect millions of people; however, there are differences in between the two mood disorders. Bipolar is differentiated by two distinguishing phases of mania and depression, and the rapid cycling of these two phases is a key element of bipolar. (JacksonRead MoreBipolar Disorder : A Mental Illness Caused By A Person s Brain1653 Words   |  7 Pages Bipolar disorder is a mental illness caused by a chemical imbalance in a person’s brain. Bipolar disorder can causes mood swings that can be both manic and or hypomanic, changes in sleep patterns, energy and overall behavior of a person. An individual’s environment can either hinder or aid in coping with the diagnosis of bipolar disorder. A manic episode lasts for at least one week and consist of increased goal-oriented energy, along with overly confident and excited feelings. These feelingsRead MoreAbnormal Psychology-Unipolar and Bipolar Depression Essay1046 Words   |  5 PagesAbnormal Psychology | Unipolar and Bipolar Depression | Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Shawn M Best 10/16/2011 | Identifying the causes of unipolar and bipolar depression can be a complicated task because there are no known exact causes, just theories. These theories include chemical and hormonal imbalances within the brain, a misfiring of ion activity, and inherited genetics or biological abnormalities (Comer, 2005). Individuals who suffer with unipolar depression, whichRead MoreBipolar Disorder, By Stephen Fry1327 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar Disorder This case study is about Stephen Fry, who suffers from bipolar disorder. Fry wanted to tell the world about bipolar disorder, how it affects the people who has to live with it and the people around them, and how it feels for him dealing with bipolar disorder. What I Learned Watching this case study taught me how people try to deal with having bipolar disorders and how it works or does not work. For me, it was shocking how much it takes for someone to be diagnosed with bipolarRead MoreCollege Student with Bipolar Disorder Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar disorder, also called a manic-depressive illness, is a common disorder which causes mood swings, lasting periods of depression, and episodes of mania. â€Å"Extreme changes in energy, activity, sleep, and behavior go along with these changes in mood† (National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2008). A person becomes more goal-oriented and has grandeur visions of success. Patient M shows all these symptoms while talking to her friends and professors in college. She describes herself as a personRead MoreManic Depression And The Gemini Disorder Essay1490 Words   |  6 PagesManic depression, or â€Å"The Gemini disorder† is most commonly known as Bipolar Disorder. This illness is a brain disorder, which causes abrupt and unusual mood shifts. These irritable mood shifts can be related to the individual’s energy, activity levels, or their ability to carry out daily tasks. This disorder goes beyond the ordinary mood swings we all are aware of. Manic depression has three forms that are characterized as periods of acute elevation of elatedness, or irritability. More often thanRead MoreMental Health Illnesses Have A Genetic Contribution1534 Words   |  7 Pagesthe fact that most, the chance of obtaining schizophrenia or bipolar disorder with no genetic factor is around one perfect, as to where if someone has a close relative with a certain disorder, such as a parent or sibling, the risk factor jumps to around ten percent. The genetic force behind the abundance of mental illnesses is especially strong in identical twins who have a risk factor of a little less than fifty percent. Mental disorders are actually not about an individual gene, but about a multitudeRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder Essay1599 Words   |  7 Pagessymptoms of bipolar disorder, Riley had left the home unexpectedly, without any medication or support in managing her symptoms. While on her own, it was discovered Riley took part in dangerous acts such as, excessive drinking and drug use while also, having sex with multiple different men. While analyzing the case of Riley, it is evident that she is struggling to cope with an abnormal behaviour. It may be possible that a lack of appropriate treatment, along with integrating factors such as, sociological

MEdications Essay Example For Students

MEdications Essay StreptokinaseThrombolytic, aka clot buster. One of our TPA (tissue plasminogen activator) used to bust clots in a pt with a stroke from an embolus or a thrombus or is having an MI from a thrombus or an embolus. Problem is if you bust the clot it will bust clots from head to toe giving biggest risk of BLEEDING. Aminophylline/TheoDur Adrenergic bronciodilators, watch aminophylline levels bc there is I fine line between theraputic and toxic. Dilate pupils so dont give to closed angle glaucoma. Will make you nervous jittery, decrease caffeine in their diet. HeparinAnticoagulant, monitor dose with PTT, can be given sub-q or IV. Never ever IM because it will make the muscle bleed. #1 drug when a person has a DVT, must have drug double checked with another nurse before giving. SE: bleeding. Antidote is prodomyicin sulfate. Morphine Opiate agonist, narcotic analgesic that all narcotics are based upon (prototype) non-ceiling drug, so keep on giving, raise dose for more pain. Used for acute pain such as post surgery and burn pain. But it is also good in severe chronic pain, such as pain from cancer. Comes in tablets (rare), liquid, injectable form, and a PCA pump form. Usual dose 10-12 mg q 2-4 hrs. biggest problem= it is a CNS depressant so need to avoid other CNS depressants (alcohol), can cause resp depression. Do not give is resp are 12 or below. Double check resp in hr (inj)DigoxinLanoxin, cardiotonic glycoside. Slows but strengthens the heartbeat, often give a loading dose to get the heart were it is supposed to be and then back off and give a maintanence dose. Usual dose 0.25 mg. always check an apical before giving, if below 60 hold the med and call dr. biggest problem is in older patients where there glomerular filtration rate decreases, they end up with accumulation of this drug, because their A DME is decreased as well as their glomerular filtration. Have a apical pulse of like 40MarplanMAO inhibitor, used as antidepressant, main concern is a diet that is low in fermented things (beer, cheese) can throw them into a hypertensive state. NitroglycerinCoronary vasodilator, used to treat angina, comes in a sublingual tablet to be used in an attack, can us one every five minutes up to 15 minutes, or 3 doses before calling 911. need to replace the bottle every 3 to 6 months, keep in a dark tight container (disenigrates when exposed to air, moisture, or light), come in a bid med, called nitrobid. Comes in patch that you take every day, opens up blood vessels to the heart. OxytocinExample, pitocin. It causes the contraction of the uterus. To initiate labor, but also given post partum to prevent hemmorrage. Need to watch uterus and contractions. WarfarinGeneric name of coumadin. Anticoagulant. Works against the PT, and INR (1.5-2.0 x the control). Taken PO when dismissed from hospital. Antidote is vitamin K. if they are on coumadin then they are on restricted diet high in vitamin k. watch for bleedingValiumBenzodiazapine, anticonvulsive, hypnotic sedative, muscle relaxant, anti xyolitic. Color coated for different doses. (white, yellow, pink), dose come in injectable form. Never ever mix with another med. Is a CNS depressant, so watch giving with other CNS depressants, or alcohol. BactrimSulfonamide, not a true antibiotic, but antimicrobial agent, used to treat UTI and otitis media in children. SE: allergies, urine crystals. So you need to push fluidsAspirinNon narcotic analgesic, also an NSAID bc it reduces inflammation, antipyretic by reducing fevers. Given in small amounts to prevent platelets from sticking together, that prevents strokes or MIs (81 mg tablet daily). Watch for bleeding. Causes upset GI, do not allow kids to take because of ryes syndrome. Gi bleeding and GI upset are on of the biggest problems with aspirin. .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae , .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .postImageUrl , .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae , .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae:hover , .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae:visited , .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae:active { border:0!important; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae:active , .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1934ad209049ec241d31772adce03eae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Culinary Arts Essay PaperAlbuterolAdrenergic bronchiodilator, use in inhaler, need to know how to use properlyPen V-KPenicillin antibiotic, main concern is hypersensitivity. Ask questions first, and watch for rashes. Milk of MagnesiaAntacid, saline laxative. Problem is OD them you can end up with hypermagnesisumism. Mix it well before taking and you can flush it with waterMetamucilBulk laxative, safe or natural. Mix in the room or it will become paste. OncovinAntineoplastic agents for cancer. Chemo agent. SE: bone marrow depression, N/V, anorexia, alopeciaProcardiaCalcium channel blocker, used for an

Critical Analysis redeeming Rap music free essay sample

Redeeming the Rap Music Experience The Influence of rap on black urban youths has become a major part to the modern day music Industry. Berry uses the article to show that through rap music, low Income black youth are able to develop empowering values and Ideologies, strengthen cultural Interaction and establish positive Identities. This Is done by describing different components of urban black culture associated with rap which enhances the struggle for black significance in pop culture.His beliefs are supported by using rap artists and their music to show how significant it has grown to be a nominate form of expression but also a controversial issue for urban black youths. The thesis that rap music as cultural expression is supported in a way that shows that this is how we are informed about the lifestyle and problems taking place in black neighborhoods. Sex, violence, and racism are controversial issues within the article also supports Berrys argument. We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Analysis redeeming Rap music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Berry describes how music is conveyed as a way for rappers to connect with their audience by providing the history of how this form of expression came about.Explaining how Blues was formed by slaves who added some type of way to tell their story defines It as a style of which the audience their aiming for Identifies with their life. Walton for example defines the blues as a composition grounded in individual experience and one with which the audience tends to identify. Jazz is also used a form of expressing ones feelings or thoughts. Soul music in the past was presented as rebellious, prideful, and powerful due to the status of urban black youths.In todays society it is viewed as distinct experiences because of the slang, aggressive delivery and lyrical storyline in the music. Berry implies that the urban environment is important to the rap music culture. Michael Tyson suggests that our society has trouble accepting rap music because it cannibalizes Issues such as racism, sexism, classicism, and violence. This supports Tyson theory that contaminating raps expression of urban realities can create and reproduce the Issues such as racism, violence, and sexism. The readily Identifiable racial, cultural, economic, and political concerns portrayed In the music unites listeners into a common group supports the belief that musical forms are based on Ruth and reality. At the same time, Steersman provides another reality that rap music in popular culture to its commercial success in the mass media has renewed artistic development and investments. Popular culture is made by a variety of people and interests, but minister to interests of the more dominate.Berry states that there is always one part of popular culture that is outside social control and then goes on to say that there are several factors that spur raps position with American pop culture, such as cultural, economic, and social standards. Authors like Hillary and Gladden suggest that because of the negative treatment from those outside of their economic status, urban youth feel as If they have a lack of motivation to do better because they embrace their powerlessness because of their non conforming attitudes and unconventional behavior.All these factors begin to develop the Identity of urban struggle for black identity because it is a product of the black urban community suggest that youths are given an identity before it may actually be their reality. He goes on to say that youth movement is evident in popular culture so therefore their identity has already been misconstrued by racism, prejudice, discrimination and economic and educational stagnation through the rap music. This in return gives rap a negative image despite its purpose to inform its audiences of the lifestyle and experiences of the urban community.Its vulgar and provocative content contribute to the negative feedback it receives instead of realizing thats the style of expression associated with rap music. Sexually explicit lyrics in songs written by artist such as the 2 Live Crew provides a negative reflection of the urban community because it is purposefully done for humor. Berry says that there are good types of rap and bad types by showing that few rappers actually use sexually obscure lyrics and sexist towards women.Good rap would be considered songs by artist such as Queen Latish, Salt N EPA, You You, and MAC Late are working to dismiss the men rappers images of women through their own performance style and lyrics. Violence is another factor because it is associated with black urban youths where rap music is always the common denominator for in the communities. Berry gives the idea that a major part of rap music is a reality in these neighborhoods by using NNW, a. . A. Insignias with Attitude that consists of five rappers from L.A. Who rap about gang banging, drive by shootings, and police confrontations. The lead singer of the group argued that their lyrics aim to show the raw reality of life instead of making it peoples reality. Williams argues that rap music does not represent the beliefs and ethics of black communities but only because people overlook the positive efforts made by rappers and focus on the negative aspects. Berry demonstrate how the supremacy of white and black power are prominent through focusing on howParallels beliefs that rap Just shows the lack of education, and the frustration of the ghetto, and how hating rap can be linked to fearing young black men who are the stars of rap . Ice Cube the lead rapper of NNW is one rapper who is seen as racist due to his controversial album where he was expressed anger against Koreans and his Jewish manager. He stated that he only acts angry because he demands respect. POP cultural rap is very blunt, direct and outspoken, that those who dont know what its or have negative views about the messages conveyed easily become misconstrued r frightened.Its all about perspective. Berrys argument shows realistic problems within the black American Society because of its powerful influence on blacks and reality of situations that the society can relate to. Berry believes that rap music should be viewed as an artistic expression and cultural projection and th at it is necessary because it includes the acceptance of rebellious identity and beliefs for the listeners of such music and allows deprived black youth with the chance to hold strong values and establish positive identities in the world.